Trauma & PTSD
30%-80% of people with OCD have a trauma history
1 out 4 of people with PTSD also have OCD
What is PTSD and Trauma?
Trauma has been described as “challenging emotional consequences that living through a distressing event can have for an individual”. There are many experiences that can be traumatic, such as abuse, neglect, living with someone with mental heath or substance abuse disorders, sudden separation from a loved one, poverty, racism, discrimination, oppression, violence, war, terrorist, etc.
Signs of PTSD & Trauma
Trauma can develop into Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) which is a long-term condition. Symptoms of PTSD persist for at least one month, impact daily functioning, and include:
Re-experiencing the trauma: Intrusive memories, flashbacks, or nightmares about the event.
Avoidance: Steering clear of reminders, thoughts, or conversations related to the trauma.
Negative thoughts and feelings: Persistent negative beliefs, emotional numbness, or feelings of hopelessness.
Changes in arousal: Increased irritability, heightened startle response, difficulty sleeping, or concentration issues.
The symptoms of trauma and the symptoms of OCD can influence eachother which can make treatment feel a bit more complicated.
Overlapping Symptoms in OCD & PTSD
Experiencing unwanted, intrusive memories or thoughts that induce anxiety and fear
Repetative beahviors and actions to reduce distress
Avoidance of the stimuli that cause intrusive thoughts to occur
How I Treat OCD & PTSD
Cognitive Processing Therapy focuses on the connections between thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and bodily sensations. It addresses thoughts that have been changed or affected by the traumatic event, and helps develop new and more helpful ways of thinking.
When both trauma and OCD are present I pull in Exposure and Response Prevention and Inference Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Time will be spent understanding the reason for the behavior to determine where it is coming from so that the correct “tool” can be applied.
Sources:
20133 trauma. (n.d.). CAMH. https://www.camh.ca/en/health-info/mental-illness-and-addiction-index/trauma
Baylor College of Medince. (n.d.). EXAMINING THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS BETWEEN OCD AND PTSD. https://www.mirecc.va.gov/visn16/docs/ocd-and-ptsd-fact-sheet.pdf
Dykshoorn, K. L. (2014). Trauma-related obsessive–compulsive disorder: a review. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 2(1), 517–528. https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2014.905207
VA.gov | Veterans Affairs. (n.d.). https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/treat/essentials/dsm5_ptsd.asp
What is Trauma? - Trauma-Informed Care Implementation Resource Center. (2022, July 8). Trauma-Informed Care Implementation Resource Center. https://www.traumainformedcare.chcs.org/what-is-trauma/